Geologial Survey team
1869
Geologial Survey team from Great Britain headed by Sawkins report presence of high alumina content soils.
R.F. Innes
1938
R.F. Innes, Senior Government Agricultural Chemist, again finds similar soils.
Sir Alfred D’Costa sends soil analyses of his St. Ann
1942
Sir Alfred D’Costa sends soil analyses of his St. Ann properties to Government Chemist and to Imperial Institute in Great Britain. High alumina content reported and confirmed. All Bauxite in Jamaica declared to be Crown property and Aluminum Laboratories of Canda appointed sole Crown Agents.
Reynolds Metals Company
1943
Reynolds Metals Company permitted to make preliminary investigations in Jamaica.
Proclamation of 1942 declaring Bauxite to be Crown Property
1944
Proclamation of 1942 declaring Bauxite to be Crown Property and appointment of Crown Agents rescinded. Reynolds Metal Company started widespread exploration programme under Chief Geologist, the Dr. O.C. Shmedeman,
Reynolds Jamaica Mines Ltd.
1950
Reynolds Jamaica Mines Ltd. Incorporated and construction work started. Farming Programme on purchased lands initiated. Santa Gertrudis cattle imported into Jamaica for the first time.
Reynolds pioneers Bauxite mining in Jamaica
1952
Reynolds pioneers Bauxite mining in Jamaica as first shipment of bauxite for commercial purposes leaves from Ocho Rios destined for Reynolds Metals Alumina Plant.
Reynolds Jamaica Mines plant officially dedicated by H.E
1953
Reynolds Jamaica Mines plant officially dedicated by H.E. Sir High Foot, Governor of Jamaica.
Annual shipments of bauxite
1956
By 1956, annual shipments of bauxite reached one million tons, and Reynolds embarked on an ambitious expansion program that doubled this capacity by 1957.
JBM poised for a significant transformation
1970s
By the late 1970s, JBM was poised for a significant transformation, driven by visionary leadership and strategic partnerships. This period marked the beginning of a remarkable journey that would shape Jamaica’s economic destiny and forge international alliances. The negotiations between Jamaica and Algeria were pivotal, laying the groundwork for a robust partnership that would transcend borders and bolster both nations’ positions in the bauxite and alumina industries. Jamaica Bauxite Mining, led by its dynamic Managing Director and key figures, initiated these discussions with Algerian representatives to explore alumina sales and joint ventures.
Signing of Formal Alumina Sales Contract
1978
By November 9, 1978, these discussions lead to the signing of a formal alumina sales contract between Jamaica Bauxite Mining and Algeria’s Societe Nationale de Siderurgie (SNS). This agreement was a turning point, marking the beginning of a long-lasting and mutually beneficial relationship. The contract outlined the terms for alumina supply, setting the stage for future collaborations. The partnership between Jamaica and Algeria quickly evolved beyond a mere trade agreement. By March 1978, preparations were underway for Algerian representatives to visit Jamaica. This visit was more than a diplomatic gesture; it was a strategic move to discuss alumina sales and the Javemex Project, a joint venture aimed at enhancing alumina production capabilities. The tour included key facilities such as the Alpart plant, showcasing Jamaica’s commitment to high-quality alumina production.
South Manchester Alumina Plant
1979
By August 1979, a comprehensive framework was established, focusing on equity participation in the South Manchester alumina plant. This project was a significant milestone, offering benefits to both Jamaica and Algeria. The plant’s development marked a new chapter in the partnership, showing the commitment of both nations to advancing their industrial capabilities. . The development of the South Manchester alumina plant required meticulous planning and substantial investment.
Secure Funding
1981
In December 1981, detailed plans were put in place to secure funding for the plant, involving complex arrangements including investments and loans. Technical evaluations were also critical during this period.
Harmons Valley’s bauxite reserves
1982
Technical evaluations were also critical during this period. By early 1982, a detailed evaluation of Harmons Valley’s bauxite reserves in Jamaica was completed. This evaluation provided essential data for future operations, ensuring the sustainability and efficiency of the alumina supply chain. The challenges of financing and project development were met with strategic foresight, setting a solid foundation for the plant’s success.
Producing Whiting from Brown's Town Calcium Carbonate
1983
In the early 1980s, JBM was not just a key player in Jamaica’s bauxite industry; it was also a hub of innovation. The company’s strategic initiatives were documented in files such as the "Bauxite and Alumina" overview and the "Proposal" for a feasibility study on producing whiting from Brown's Town calcium carbonate. These documents reflected JBM’s commitment to diversification and innovation.
Bauxite and Alumina Trading Company of Jamaica (BATCO)
1983
In January 1983, key stakeholders, including representatives from Jamaica Bauxite Mining (JBM) and the Bauxite and Alumina Trading Company of Jamaica (BATCO), held several meetings to discuss potential expansions and partnerships. These discussions led to agreements with major global players like Kaiser Jamaica Bauxite Company and the Aluminum Company of America (ALCOA). These joint ventures were vital in securing Jamaica's place in the global market.
Established as a Global Partner
1984
By mid-1980s, JBM had established itself as a global player. The company’s expansion was evidenced by contracts with international partners, including Billiton Metals Limited. The "JNIC Terms of Reference" file marked JBM's entry into new markets with a feasibility study for a crushing plant, while the "Aluminum Sheet Rolling Mill Feasibility" report and the "Alumina Sales - General" file highlighted JBM’s efforts to expand its product offerings and enhance its market position.
The "Alumina Schedule" and "Jamalco Shipment Forecast"
1986
The late 1980s and early 1990s were marked by both challenges and opportunities. The "Alumina Schedule" and "Jamalco Shipment Forecast" files were crucial for managing alumina exports amidst fluctuating global markets. These documents provided insights into shipment forecasts and scheduling, ensuring that JBM maintained its competitive edge.
The Jamaica-Algeria partnership
1989
The Jamaica-Algeria partnership continued to thrive throughout the 1980s and beyond. Regular meetings and updates, such as the Technical Manager Reports from 1988-1989, tracked progress and addressed operational issues. These reports were instrumental in maintaining the momentum of the partnership and ensuring that any challenges were promptly addressed.
Paving the way for a bright future
1990 - Present
As JBM continues to build on its legacy, the lessons learned and strategies implemented during its formative years serve as a beacon for future endeavours. The company’s journey is a testament to how strategic collaborations can overcome geographical and operational challenges, paving the way for a bright future in the global bauxite and alumina industry.